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Attorney Offices by Municipality

1. Anthem
   1. Boates & Crump: If you are ever faced with potential criminal charges, it is vitally important to have quality legal representation to protect your rights.
2. Bullhead City:
   1. Wolfson Law Center: There are basically three drunk driving crimes in Arizona. First, it is a crime in Arizona to operate or be in physical control of a motor vehicle [including water craft] while under the influence of alcohol or drugs [even drugs prescribed by a doctor]. It is not required that you be proven to be actually "drunk" to be convicted. "Under the influence" means that the suspect was impaired in the slightest degree". The focus of this offense is whether at the time of operation or actual physical control of the vehicle was the operator impaired.
   2. Knochel, Keith: DUI tips and penalties. Intoxicated is defined in two ways: First, a person is intoxicated when he drives and, when, through the use of an alcoholic beverage, drug, controlled substance, or any combination thereof, has lost the normal use of their faculties and is impaired to the slightest degree. Second, a person is intoxicated when he drives and has an alcohol concentration of .08 or more in his body. If the alcohol concentration is above .18, there are enhanced or aggravated penalties. If you've been pulled over for alleged drunk driving, you are likely facing two separate proceedings: a Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) hearing about your driver's license and a criminal trial for the crime of DUI (also known as DWI). The related charge of OUI (operating under the influence) is often brought against people alleged to have been boating while using alcohol or drugs. This can have similar consequences to DUI, and we handle many OUI cases. One big concern for many people is how a DUI or OUI conviction will affect their employment. If you are convicted, we will work to get you a restricted license so you can drive to work, and if you are sentenced to jail time, we will pursue a work release or a weekend sentence.
3. Chandler
   1. Quinlan, Scott: In Arizona, an aggravated DUI is forever an historical prior felony conviction. Once you’ve been convicted of aggravated DUI, you will always be looking at an enhanced, mandatory prison sentence if you are later charged with pretty much any felony. That aggravated DUI conviction will follow you around for the rest of your life, resulting in worse plea offers and giving you powerful incentive to take them because of the risk of guaranteed prison. It’s something that comes as a surprise to most defendants.
   2. Allen, Jamal: A drunk driving arrest can happen to anyone.
   3. Dodge, Benjamin: Time is always of the essence and you must retain a DUI Lawyer quickly to avoid unnecessary MVD penalties!
   4. Sullivan Law Office: In Arizona, DUI is a serious crime with serious repercussions.
4. Flagstaff
   1. Bednar, David: DUI Whether a DUI, an extreme (.15 or .199), a super extreme (.20 BAC or higher), a DUI 2nd or an Aggravated DUI, the consequences of a conviction can be grave without proper criminal legal representation. Any type of DUI may jeopardize one's driver's license, finances, and career, not to mention one's freedom. Criminal defense attorney David G. Bednar is well-versed on the complexities of DUI defense and will work hard to challenge the State's evidence and minimize the defendant's criminal liability. Criminal defense is conducted on a case by case analysis and criminal attorney David G. Bednar has challenged such issues as: 1. The legality of the traffic stop. 2. The administration of the field sobriety exercises. 3. The procedures followed in obtaining breath/blood samples from the DUI suspect? 4. The client's right to counsel. 5. The client's right to an independent test. These are just a few of the serious issues that arise in DUI/DWI (drunk driving) cases that may be pertinent to your case. Arizona MVD IMPLICATIONS A DUI may result in the following restrictions on your license depending on your driving history: * 90 day driving suspension * An ignition interlock device (IID) installed in your car for one year * 8 points * Traffic survival school (TSS) These restrictions are more severe for CDLs and subsequent DUI offenses.
   2. Aspey, Watkins & Diesel: Being accused of a crime can have a devastating impact on your life. A criminal prosecution brings the possibility of serious penalties, which may include huge fines and/or imprisonment. Whether you've been accused of a misdemeanor or a felony, it is important to seek the immediate advice of a qualified criminal defense attorney.
   3. Glazer Law Offices: DUI/Driving Under the Influence: "DUI" stands for Driving under the Influence and occurs when someone is operating, or is in actual physical control, of a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substance to the extent that their mental faculties are impaired and/or their blood alcohol content (BAC) is above the legal limit. Even for a first offense, penalties can include license suspension, substantial fines, community service, mandatory attendance at a state or DMV approved alcohol program, mandatory overnight incarceration and the required installation (at the offender's expense) of a car ignition locking device. In addition, a DUI conviction stays on a DMV record for several years, it typically results in higher insurance premiums, and an offender may become ineligible for credit.  Plus, a DUI could also jeopardize your employment opportunities. However, if someone was injured as a result of the drunken driving accident, it is possible the defendant will be charged with a felony (and if the victim dies, the driver may be charged with vehicular manslaughter). Further, a DUI conviction will likely be raised to a felony if it is the driver's fourth DUI offense or the driver has had a prior felony DUI offense within 10 years of the new charge.
   4. Kaiser, James & Wilson: Any person who is facing a criminal charge, no matter how minor, will benefit from consulting a qualified criminal defense lawyer. Unlike civil court cases, where money or property may be at stake, a person suspected of committing a criminal act is in jeopardy of losing their fundamental freedom, and should act quickly to protect their rights by contacting an experienced criminal defense attorney. An experienced criminal defense lawyer can identify important pretrial issues and bring appropriate motions which might significantly improve a defendant's case.
   5. Springer Law Firm: If you have been arrested for drunk driving, it may be the first time you have faced criminal law charges. If so, it is only natural for you to have questions: Do you have to go to jail? Are you going to lose your license? How much of a fine will you pay? How much will the whole process cost? A criminal defense lawyer dedicated to protecting your rights can answer your questions.
   6. Daniel Kaiser: Trust, Integrity, Truth: The keys to successful client relationships.
   7. Kirkpatrick & Harris: When someone is arrested, the criminal process will vary, depending upon whether they are charged with a misdemeanor or a felony. A misdemeanor case is one where the maximum punishment is six months in county jail, a fine, or a combination of jail and a fine. In a felony case, the punishment is usually much more severe, and can include confinement in the Arizona State Prison, or in some extremely serious cases, death. In a misdemeanor case, the first appearance is called an arraignment. The main purpose the arraignment is for the accused to enter a plea. If the accused pleads not guilty, the case is scheduled for a pretrial conference and at some point a trial. A conviction requires six jurors to unanimously agree that the accused is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. In felony cases, the first appearance is the initial appearance. The Case would be set for preliminary hearing which is held in front of a judge and not a jury. The judge will listen to the testimony of witnesses and determine whether there is sufficient evidence to bind the defendant over to stand trial. If the judge decides that there is enough evidence for the accused to be brought to trial, the defendant has the arraignment, pretrial conference, then trial.
5. Gilbert
   1. Mueller, Karl: Possible DUI Defenses In many cases, a police officer may have no other supporting evidence, other than their assertion that the suspect was drunk. When you are able to undercut the State's additional evidence, they have little to fall back on. We will utilize a number of tactics to challenge the State's evidence and how it was gathered? * Did the police have a legal reason for the initial stop? * If you were outside the car can they prove who was really driving? * ... challenge the chemical testing method & calibration. In Arizona, an Aggravated DUI is a felony, and if you are convicted, you face an automatic minimum of four months in prison. The threat of prison is far more serious than a jail sentence and it is important to try to lower the charges you face, in an effort to minimize the potential consequences. Aggravated DUI is a charge of driving while under the influence plus an additional factor, such as: * Driving on a suspended license * Driving with child under the age of 15 years * A third DUI in 7 years
   2. Barron, Nathan: Quality legal representation should not be limited only to those of great financial means.
   3. Wilson-Goodman & Fong:

      DUI FAQS

      1)  SHOULD I PERFORM FIELD SOBRIETY TESTS?
      DO NOT agree to take any field sobriety tests (FSTs).  There are several types of FSTs: Walk and Turn, On Leg Stand, and an eye test (otherwise referred to as Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus). You have every right to refuse these tests without consequence to you. Remember, you have a constitutional right to remain silent. Make sure not to answer any questions without first having your attorney with you.

      2)  SHOULD I SUBMIT TO A BREATH, BLOOD OR URINE TEST?
      Under Arizona law, you must agree to take a breath, blood or urine test once you have been arrested. It would be a good idea to contact an attorney prior to submitting tot he tests, if possible.  Failure to submit to the tests upon request may result in your driver's license being revoked for one year. However, if you are asked to take a Portable Breath Test (a small tube you blow into, usually requested by the officer at the scene) and not an actual breath test (a breathalyzer or intoxilyzer machine you blow into while at a DUI van or police station), you do not have to submit to it.

      3)  HOW MANY DUIs CAN I BE CHARGED WITH?
      Generally, the State may bring three different charges against you, depending on the amount of alcohol in your system at the time of driving:
      a)  Driving While Under the Influence while impaired to the "slightest degree". This charge does not require the State to prove that your blood alcohol concentration be at a certain amount, but only that you are impaired to the slightest degree.
      b)  Driving While Intoxicated with a blood alcohol concentration above .08 within two hours of driving.
      c)  Driving While Intoxicated with a blood alcohol concentration about .15 within two hours of driving.  This is referred to as an "Extreme DUI".  If convicted, penalties increase significantly including a longer jail sentence and higher fine. You will also be required to install a breath interlock interlock device on you vehicle.

      4)  WHEN DOES A DUI BECOME A FELONY?
      There are a couple of ways that your DUI may be charged as an aggravated (felony) DUI.  First, under Arizona law, should you be convicted of three DUIs within five years, you will be charged with a felony DUI. Second, should you be arrested for DUI while driving on a suspended license, you may be charged with an aggravated DUI. Keep in mind that the State has the burden of proving that you knew or should have known your license was suspended at the time of driving. The punishment for an aggravated DUI may range from supervised probation with a mandatory minimum of 4 months in prison to almost 4 years in prison.

      5)  WILL MY DRIVER'S LICENSE BE SUSPENDED?
      Keep in mind that you are entitled to a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge at the Motor Vehicle Department. If your blood-alcohol reading is about .08, your license may be suspended for 90 days. In some cases, the MVD will issue a restricted license after thirty days for work purposes. This license suspension may occur even if you have not been convicted of a DUI in a criminal court proceeding.

6. Glendale
   1. Reasons, Wendy: The first thing that you need to do if you or a loved one has been arrested for a DUI is to contact a lawyer who will challenge the Arizona Motor Vehicle Division (MVD) license suspension right away and will send a notice immediately. The penalties for a DUI conviction, whether it is a misdemeanor or felony conviction, can be severe. Those accused of driving under the influence cannot afford to waste time without an attorney on their side. Felony and Misdemeanor DUI Convictions Both misdemeanor and felony DUI convictions carry with them strong penalties, but a felony-level DUI can mean four months' mandatory minimum time in prison. A misdemeanor starts from one day in jail, depending on the blood alcohol level, to more jail time and fines of $1,500 and up. A felony DUI can potentially result from any of the following: * License is suspended or revoked * Driving with children 15 years or younger * Third DUI in the last seven years * Driving intoxicated with an ignition interlock device When you have been accused of a DUI, whether it may be a felony or misdemeanor, it is extremely important to have a lawyer who is very familiar with DUI law in Arizona.
   2. Cheryl Brown:

      Arizona law generally concerns three levels of drunk driving, with graduated penalties for each:

      1. Driving Under the Influence (DUI), also called Driving While Impaired (DWI) — Blood-alcohol content of .08 percent or more
      2. Extreme DUI — BAC of .15 percent or more
      3. Drivers under age 21 can be convicted of DUI / DWI if they have any alcohol in their system (i.e., .01 percent BAC), as well as being charged with minor in consumption or minor in possession, which can affect their driver's license for up to 2 years, regardless of whether or not you were driving.
      4. State law also establishes a lower BAC threshold of .04 percent for those with a commercial driver's license (CDL) and >commercial truck driver DUI.
      5. Driving under the influence of drugs carries the same penalties as alcohol DUI.
      6. State law establishes that a BAC of .01 percent to .08 percent could result in a DUI under the "to the slightest degree" rule.

      Severe Consequences for a Drunk Driving Conviction

      Arizona levies tough DUI penalties for those convicted of impaired driving. Sentencing depends on the level and circumstances of intoxication, prior convictions, and the court where your case is heard. First offenders, will serve 24 hours in jail, while a second or third offense may result in substantial jail or prison time, respectively. Other criminal penalties include fines, alcohol and substance abuse treatment, traffic survival school, and ignition interlock devices. In addition, the MVD will suspend your driver's license for a period of time, and your auto insurance rates may skyrocket.

      There are many valid defenses to DUI / DWI, and it may make sense in your case to challenge the charges at trial. Because of the increased danger associated with tractor-trailers, buses, delivery vans, and other commercial vehicles, truck drivers are held to a lower threshold for driving under the influence in Arizona. By state law, CDL-licensed drivers are charged with a Class 1 Misdemeanor DUI if they are found to have a blood alcohol content (BAC) of .04 or greater. The charge applies whether the driver was on duty or in his or her own vehicle at the time. Your CDL license and your livelihood are at risk, and it is critical to fight this charge as vigorously as possible. I am an experienced criminal defense attorney who concentrates largely on DUI offenses. I have represented numerous clients arrested in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area and throughout Maricopa County, including CDL truckers stopped on Highway 101, I-10, I-8, or I-17 while hauling through Arizona. Penalties for Commercial Driver DUI If convicted, minimum DUI penalties for a CDL license holder include: * Driver's license revoked for one year * Substantial fines and penalties * Probation up to 5 years * 8 points assessed against your driving record Refusal to submit to a blood alcohol test will result in an automatic one-year suspension of your license, regardless of the outcome of criminal charges. A second offense refusal can result in permanent loss of your CDL license. Challenging a Commercial License DUI Because of the .04 threshold, there is a substantially larger margin for error in the blood and breath analysis. This is one basis we can examine for fighting a CDL drunk driving charge. I examine every fact of the case during the discovery phase to find any viable grounds for a legal challenge: * The officer's "reasonable suspicion" to pull you over * The officer's "probable cause" for arrest based on field sobriety tests or roadside breathalyzer results * Violation of your rights (request for an attorney, Miranda warnings) * Impropriety or error in collecting and analysis of blood-alcohol samples If I do not believe we can win in court (dismissal of charges or favorable jury verdict), I will diligently negotiate with the Prosecutor for a reduced charge (e.g., per se DUI, or reckless driving) that may enable you to continue in your trucking, bus driver or other CDL career.

   3. John Phebus: Our drunk driving statutes are now enforced rigorously, prosecuted zealously and provide for substantial punishments.

      This is proper. It is also proper, however, that we remain vigilant in safeguarding the rights of individuals charged with DUI and related criminal offenses.

      The Charge

      Over the years, the publics perception of drunk driving has evolved. What the public once viewed as a common indiscretion is now viewed as a serious crime and public health hazard. State legislatures all over the country are engaged in a feeding frenzy of "feel-good" legislation in response to pressure exerted by well-financed political interest groups. As a result, ordinary citizens -- many of whom are not intoxicated or impaired at the time of driving -- are being arrested in record numbers and forced to defend against criminal charges. Given our current political climate, DUI is a serious criminal charge.

      In 1996, over two-million people were arrested in the United States for DUI/DWI. More people are charged with "DUI/DWI" than any other criminal offense. That year, 43,040 DUI cases were processed in Arizonas limited jurisdiction courts (i.e., Municipal Courts, Justice Courts) alone. In the City of Phoenix, 93% of all persons charged with DUI pled guilty without going to trial to fight the charges against them. By pleading guilty, they gave up their right to have a trial before a jury; to confront their accusers; to refute the evidence against them and to force the government to prove each element of every charge against them beyond a reasonable doubt.
       

      Possible Penalties

      1st Offense Misdemeanor

      The maximum potential penalty is 6 months in jail, 5 years of probation, a fine of $2,500 with a surcharge of approximately 70%, alcohol counseling, and the loss of your license for at least 90 days. The minimum penalty is 10 days of jail with the possibility of 9 days suspended pending the alcohol screening and counseling. The normal fine is approximately $400. The one-day of jail required must be served. There are additional penalties within the court's discretion. 
      
      2nd Offense Misdemeanor

      The maximum penalty is the same as a first offense except that the second conviction in 5 years will result in the revocation of your driver's license for one year. The minimum penalty is 90 days in jail with the possibility of 60 days suspended pending the alcohol screening and counseling. The normal fine is approximately $800. Your license will be revoked for one year. There are additional penalties within the court's discretion. 
      
      Extreme DUI

      If your blood alcohol level is .150 or greater within two hours of driving based on a blood, breath and / or urine sample, you could be convicted of EXTREME DUI. This offense is also a misdemeanor offense. However, the Court will be required to sentence you to a minimum 30 days of jail and suspend your license for one year. Normal fines are approximately $400 with the same screening and counseling requirements as the other misdemeanor offenses. If this happens to be your second misdemeanor DUI offense, then you will also faced enhanced punishment including 120 days of jail with the possibility of 60 days suspended and a fine of approximately $800. There are additional penalties within the court's discretion. 
      
      Work Release/Home Arrest

      If you are sentenced to serve a jail sentence, the court has the discretion to allow you work release from the jail. You may be required to serve one or two days in jail prior to your release taking effect. Although the statutes provide for home arrest, the courts do not have a system in place to allow for it. 
      
      Aggravated DUI

      It is a felony to get a third DUI in five years or any DUI while your driver's license is revoked, suspended or restricted for any reason. If you are convicted of a class 4 felony, you will face a possible prison sentence. Normally, you will receive a grant of probation. However, if granted probation, the Court is required to incarcerate you in the State Prison for 4 months as a condition of probation. As a felony, the maximum fine you could face is $150,000. You will have your license revoked for at least 3 years. There is no work release. In addition, the State may forfeit your vehicle. There are additional penalties within the court's discretion. If you are convicted of a class 6 felony, you will also face the three-year revocation of your driver's license, the same fine as above, and the possibility of incarceration ranging from 4 months to 2 years. The penalties are even more severe for a second offense Aggravated DUI or if you have any prior felony convictions.

      As a DUI lawyer, what would you do if you were stopped for a DUI? 

      1. Immediately request an attorney -- Ask officer to note time of my request.
      2. Refuse to answer ANY questions (Other than name and address).
      3. Produce requested documents ... be polite even if the officer isnt.
      4. Refuse ALL field sobriety tests.
      5. Take a breath/blood/urine test.

7. Mesa
8. Parker
   1. Tony Rogers: You Don't Have To Go To Jail
9. Kingman
   1. Sears, Elana: Upon arrest or as soon as you become aware that the police or another state agency is looking for or investigating you, or if you believe that you may have committed a crime. The earlier you contact a lawyer the better. An attorney can intervene with the police and either prevent an arrest or, if you are going to be arrested, arrange for your surrender at a time and in a manner that minimizes embarrassment to you or your family. Retaining a lawyer also prevents the police from questioning you.   Trying to solve your legal issues without establishing the particular characteristic of your potential legal problem can be a waste of time, money and effort. You need a detailed analysis for your unique situation. In certain cases, improper determinations can cost you your rights under the law. For instance: Many if not all types of cases have deadlines, if these deadlines are not met you can be barred from any sort of defense or relief.
10. Peoria
    1. Michael Define: Know your rights. Protect your rights. Consult with an attorney before you go to court for your DUI.
11. Phoenix
    1. A-B
    2. C-H
    3. I-K
    4. L
    5. M-Z
12. Prescott
    1. Musgrove, Drutz & Kack: Prosecutors may coerce you into a quick plea so you can move on with your life. But that is not always the result of a guilty plea as a DUI conviction can affect your insurance rates and your ability to work. Breathalyzers and other tests are not perfect. They must be administered in adherence to various rules and regulations. If your rights were violated in any way, we will bring that matter to light and seek dismissal of your charges.
    2. Lauren VanPelt: Charges of drunk driving are serious. They could result in large fines, loss of driver's license, or even jail time. You need an attorney who will treat your case with the seriousness it requires.
13. Prescott Valley
    1. DeRienzo & Williams: If you have been arrested for a DUI, also known as drunk driving (sometimes called a DWI outside Arizona), the consequences can be severe. You could face prison, significant jail time, heavy fines, suspension of your license, and be forced to use an ignition interlock device for a year.
14. Rio Rico
    1. Hale & Williams: "Driving under the influence" (DUI) and "driving while intoxicated" (DWI) are two names for the crime of drunk driving. Other statutory names for this crime are "operating under the influence" (OUI) and "operating while intoxicated" (OWI). The different names for the crime reflect differences in the state statutes that define the crime. However, all the statutes have the common purpose of punishing drunk driving and driving under the influence of illegal drugs. A conviction for drunk driving carries serious consequences, including driver's license suspension or revocation, fines, and time in jail or prison. Accordingly, a person charged with drunk driving must not hesitate to seek legal counsel from an experienced criminal defense attorney in order to best protect his or her interests.
15. Scottsdale Scottsdale Scottsdale Scottsdale Scottsdale Scottsdale
16. Sedona
    1. Gorman, Thomas: * United States Supreme Court Drug crimes * Violent crimes and homicide * Domestic violence and domestic assault * Theft * Appeals * Driving under the influence (DUI) * Sexual assault * Traffic violations
    2. Gary Kazragis: $10,000 for a First Offense!? That's right - Arizona lawmakers are extremely tough on drunk driving. When you add up all the fines, court costs, "rehab" classes, and raised insurance, a first offense DUI with a BAC between .08 and .149 can easily top $10,000. For second and third offenses, or with a BAC of .15 and above, the penalties increase dramatically. But hundreds of people get charged with drunk driving in Arizona every week, and when you walk into the courtroom, there's not much to help the judge tell you apart from any of the others. To keep from being summarily slapped with the stiffest penalties on the books, you need a reasoned, well-presented defense.
    3. Thomas Gorman: Don't face serious criminal charges alone.
17. Sierra Vista
    1. Bays Law Firm Voluntary Intoxication: the result of intentionally taking without duress of a substance known to be intoxicating.
    2. Bernadette Burick:

       Driving Under the Influence or other traffic charges

       In Arizona, driving under the influence includes: Operating a vehicle under the influence of alcohol, controlled substance, medication, or prescription that impairs the driver's ability to operate the vehicle.
       
       Consequences for the conviction of Driving Under the Influence may potentially include:

       1. Loss of driver's license
          
       2. Probation or parole
          
       3. Loss of auto insurance
          
       4. Court ordered driving school
          
       5. Impound of vehicle
          
       6. Court ordered ignition device
          
       7. Significant fines
          
       8. Other

       Likelihood of any of the above consequences depends on the following factors:

       1. Prior similar convictions
          
       2. Any other prior convictions
          
       3. Currently on probation or parole
          
       4. Attitude of the community and court toward this type of crime
          
       5. Degree of media attention on case
          
       6. Mitigating/aggravating circumstances
          
       7. Accident involved
          
       8. Blood alcohol content
          
       9. Other
18. Sun City
    1. Mushkatel & Becker: DUI, drug possession and drug sale arrests continue to become more frequent, and the penalties continue become more severe. Individuals in control any illegal substance may be subject to these arrests and penalties.
19. Tempe Tempe
20. Tucson Tucson Tucson Tucson Tucson Tucson
21. Unknown
    1. Davis, Adam: All too often seriously criminal case victims fail to get the representation that they deserve because of getting overwhelmed with the situation, without letting someone else take control.
    2. Robert Barry: If you have been arrested or cited on suspicion of Driving Under the Influence of drugs or alcohol, it is important that you known and understand your rights.
22. Yuma
    1. Taylor, Amanda: Criminal Defense, Family Law.
    2. Tilson, James: If you are accused of a criminal offense, you need a determined and creative attorney to ensure that all of your rights are protected and upheld.
    3. Bleigh Law Office: If one is charged with driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI), or driving while intoxicated (DWI), or operating under the influence (OUI), there are numerous defenses one could raise prior to trial by way of a motion to suppress evidence or to dismiss the charges or during trial.
    4. Vida Florez: The Sixth Amendment Confrontation Clause guarantees every criminal defendant the right "to be confronted with the witnesses against him." Generally, this means that the accused has a constitutional right to cross-examine witnesses who make statements against him. In conjunction with this right, hearsay statements (out-of-court statements offered to prove the truth of the matter asserted) are generally inadmissible. However, there are several exceptions to the hearsay rule, which make the out-of-court statements of a non-testifying witness admissible under certain conditions (in spite of the Confrontation Clause). In fact, the tension created between the admissibility of certain hearsay statements and the conflicting right of the accused to cross-examine witnesses has risen to the level of the U.S. Supreme Court. In assessing the connection between the Confrontation Clause and the hearsay rule, the Court has specifically questioned the hearsay exception for statements against penal interest and the admissibility of accomplice confessions that inculpate the accused.